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Saudi Clerics Advocate Breastfeeding Adult Men

This is from:

http://www.care2.com/causes/womens-rights/blog/saudia-arabia-creates-bizzare-breastfeeding-loophole/

by: Robin Marty

I have no idea if it is a fake article or not, the same subject has been covered in the New York Daily News and The Daily Times but this is a more readable option – Lisa.

“I haven’t pulled any punches in the past discussing how bothered I am by the laws against women in Saudi Arabia.  From ridiculous “guardianship” laws to burdensome rules on being in public with men, to arresting women who even have too much of a tan, it’s no wonder the public is beginning to physically fight against the authority in the land.

Obviously, the religious authority knows it has a problem that must be dealt with.  But is this really the answer?

Women in Saudi Arabia should give their breast milk to male colleagues and acquaintances in order to avoid breaking strict Islamic law forbidding mixing between the sexes, two powerful Saudi clerics have said. They are at odds, however, over precisely how the milk should be conveyed.

A fatwa issued recently about adult breast-feeding to establish “maternal relations” and preclude the possibility of sexual contact has resulted in a week’s worth of newspaper headlines in Saudi Arabia. Some have found the debate so bizarre that they’re calling for stricter regulations about how and when fatwas should be issued.

Sheikh Al Obeikan, an adviser to the royal court and consultant to the Ministry of Justice, set off a firestorm of controversy recently when he said on TV that women who come into regular contact with men who aren’t related to them ought to give them their breast milk so they will be considered relatives.

One cleric claims simply pumping and having the men drink the milk is enough to create this familial bond.  Another, however, does say that “men should suckle the breast milk directly from a woman’s breast.”

The logic behind the edict is an apparently common practice known as “breast milk siblings” where according to the article, if you provide 5 “fulfilling” breastmilk meals to a male child before the age of two, you and your female family members will not have to cover your faces in front of him later in life, something that is apparently common among nieces and nephews.

But, when translated into somehow trying to provide this connection to an adult, and use it as a loophole in order to allow women to be in the presence of men who are not blood relations, a lot of obvious problems jump to mind.  The first, of course, is the assumption that every woman is lactating, when in fact the only candidates for this process would be married mothers with children under the age of two, the traditional cutoff point for breastfeeding in that country.  Women aren’t just wandering around with milk in their breasts all of the time, married or not, mothers or not. This would provide no outlet for any unmarried woman, who tend to suffer the most under these strict guardianship laws, nor for widows or the elderly.

The second problem is what is meant by “fulfilling” meals.  A grown adult obviously would take much more to be “fulfilled” than an infant, or even a toddler, whose stomachs are smaller than an apple.

Third, even with this loophole available, clerics have decreed that it cannot be used with a driver.  As women in Saudi Arabia are not allowed to have driver’s licenses, no woman would be able to go anywhere outside walking distance without having a man drive her.  If this breastfeeding loophole can’t be used with someone who can drive them from place to place, they are still essentially trapped without a family member to accompany them, regardless.

Breastfeeding adult males in order to be allowed to be with someone of the opposite sex who is not a family member is no real solution to the issues of Sharia law.  In fact, it actually exacerbates them, as it simply reinforces the idea that a woman sole purpose in existence is to extend and tend to the family unit.  Women in the country deserve real freedom, not that which is only granted to them if they act as the “sustenance” of the family.”

Does religion contribute to stopping breastfeeding early?

By Kashif-ul-Huda, TwoCircles.net

http://www.emgonline.co.uk/news.php?news=8219

The Holy Quran is clear that the duration of breastfeeding of infants are for a period of two years. World Health Organization (WHO) and Government of India’s guidelines also suggest breastfeeding for a period of two years. Breast milk is an excellent source of nutrition and essential for the healthy growth of the child.

A latest study finds that a greater share of Muslim, Christian, and Sikh women breastfeed their young ones for less than two years. The study is done by Harvard School of Public Health of Boston, Massachusetts, USA and published in July 2008 issue of peer-reviewed journal Maternal & Child Nutrition.

The Harvard research team of Rahul Malhotra, Amit Noheria, Omar Amir, Leland K. Ackerson, and S.V. Subramanian analyzed the data from Indian National Family Health Survey-2 (NFHS-2) conducted in 1998–1999. The study looked at factors associated with termination of breastfeeding within the first two years of life of infants. NFHS-2 provides health related data from 92,486 households from 26 states of India.

A total of 33,026 children were in the dataset. 3.57% were never breastfed, though reasons were not given and complete information was missing for another 0.61%. Of the 31,645 children who were breastfed 6,974 or 22% of them had their breastfeeding terminated before they were 24 months of age.

Data analysis revealed that religion was an important factor in the likelihood of stopping breastfeeding. This likelihood was significantly higher for Muslims, Sikhs and Christian. In terms of adjusted ratio Muslim mothers are 10% more than Hindu mothers in stopping breastfeeding before their children have reached the age of 24 months, while this ratio is much higher for Christians (34$) and Sikhs (33%). Researchers made a note that there is nothing in these religion that will explain early termination of breastfeeding therefore it has to be cultural factors and norms.

Data also revealed that likelihood of stopping breastfeeding for SCs and STs were similar to general caste category but higher for the OBCs (13%).

Since breastfeeding beyond the first 6 months is linked to the decrease in childhood mortality, and the study revealed that female children have a higher likelihood of early termination of breastfeeding, the researchers wondered whether this is a “contributing factor” to the low female-male ratio in India.

Researchers also noted that “There was an increase in likelihood of stopping breastfeeding with an increase in maternal educational.” Observing that “increasing maternal education favours early termination of breastfeeding, but at the same time serves to reduce the gender differential in termination of
breastfeeding.”

Researchers recommended focusing breastfeeding promotion programs on high-risk mothers- such as female infants and first-born babies as well as mothers with a higher wealth status, those aged less than 20 years and those who belong to Muslim, Sikh and Christian communities. Breastfeeding programmes should
lay more focus on urban areas and on maternity facilities in the private sector.”

Breastfeeding rate for India of all children till they reach the age of 24 years 63.14%. Bangladesh (89%) , Nepal (95% ) have better rate while Pakistan (55%) trails for the latest data available for these countries.

Jesus between Mary’s Breasts Joseph Beaumont (1616-99)

Jesus inter Ubera Mariae [Jesus between Mary's Breasts]


In the coolness of the day,
The old world even, God all undressed went down
Without His robe, without His crown,
Into His private garden, there to lay
On spicy bed
His sweeter head.

There He found two beds of spice,
A double mount of lilies in whose top
Two milky fountains bubbled up.
He soon resolved: “And well I like!” He cries,
“My table spread
Upon my bed.”

Scarcely had He ‘gun to feed
When troops of cherubs hovered round about,
And on their golden wings they brought
All Eden’s flowers. But we cried out: “No need
Of flowers here!
Sweet spirits, forbear.”

“True, He needs no sweets,” say they;
“But sweets have need of Him, to keep them so;
Now paradise springs new with you,
Old Eden’s beauty all inclined this way;
And we are come
To bring them home.

“Paradise spring new with you,
Where ‘twixt those beds of lilies you may see
Of life the everlasting Tree.”
“Sweet is your reason,” then said we: “come strew
Your pious showers
Of eastern flowers.”

[CHORUS] Winds awake! and with soft gale
Awake the odors of our garden too;
By which yourselves perfumed go
Through every quarter of your world, that all
Your sound may hear
And breathe your air.

Joseph Beaumont (1616-99)

Training to be a Breastfeeding Peer Counsellor – week 11

This week’s subject was: ‘Examining Our Attitudes Towards Other People’ – the last module of the course. This was a very interactive session, involving us all in several activities which provoked further discussion.

Firstly, we looked at how we label ourselves and how we might label others – according to the various social groups people appear to belong to. So we made a list, including age, gender, race – of course – but also: habits, behaviour, politics, health, occupation and several more.

We then looked in more detail at the assumptions and stereotypes we might make about individuals, on the basis of these group labels.

Looking at how we label ourselves, it becomes quite obvious that we find it more comfortable to interact and communicate with those that we identify with. It is easier to be open in these circumstances.

When faced with unknown cultural traits, communication is much more of a challenge. We feel less comfortable with the situation and it is even more important that we recognise the need to be non-judgmental and open-minded. This became even more apparent to me in the next exercise, when we role-played the interaction of two culturally different people.

I played an individual for whom it is: impolite to look people in the eye, discuss personal things and sit near someone, or touch them, unless I am married to them; and, for me, nodding expresses everything.
My partner was to be as friendly and open as possible, trying to establish common experiences and to make me feel comfortable.

Throughout the exercise, I found it extremely difficult to find anything to say. I could also feel that my partner wanted me to look at her and I felt quite uncomfortable about denying her that. In fact, I felt so uneasy about it, that it was still affecting me later on in the day.

As I reflected on this session on the way home, it really began to make sense to me. I thought about any scenarios which might leave me finding it difficult to communicate. I realised that if I was met with some quite judgmental attitudes – perhaps a mother who felt very negatively towards a midwife that I know, or perhaps a mother with racist attitudes – then I might find it very difficult to overcome that. My reaction to that, even though it might remain unspoken, might hinder any further communication – because I could be thinking about that, and all that implies, instead of really listening to the mother.

When those thoughts occurred to me, I think I realised what the session was really about.

So how do we overcome cultural differences and avoid feeling uncomfortable or being judgmental ourselves?

We were given lots of pointers towards this and it all seems to come back to ‘being present’. By ‘being present’ I mean being open to the unfolding dialogue, without holding on to any preconceived ideas and without trying to predetermine the outcome.

In practising that open attitude, we will find it easier to learn about individual and cultural differences in a positive way.

Part of that is also letting go of our personal need to establish our own identity – feeling that we must express who we are when we are speaking to someone. One of the pointers described this really well – ‘Refuse to get offended – don’t take it personally’. Of course, that is easier said than done sometimes, but there is no real purpose to being defensive when trying to counsel and support someone else.

We also discussed ways of learning more about different cultures and, in particular, religious attitudes to babycare and breastfeeding. I feel fairly ignorant on this subject, so I wondered if there is a book out there? Surely there must be, somewhere!

It was reassuring to be advised by our instructor that we could ask the mother about her customs if we are not sure what they are and to acknowledge our ignorance and/or discomfort in certain situations.

It was also very useful to discuss the process of reflecting on any negative experiences we may have. This process is very important, to ensure that we don’t carry those negative feelings with us when we encounter similar groups of people. The process goes through an analysis of what happened, to ideas for doing things differently in the future.

I found this session really interesting and I have thought about it a lot since. There has been a lot in this training that has had a positive impact on the way I think about and communicate with people generally and I have really enjoyed that.

This was the last training session of the course. Next week’s session is a review (which I am unable to attend) and then we have a graduation ceremony – with the mayor and the local paper in attendance! So I’ll be trying to get a good night’s sleep before that session then!

If you are interested in training to be a Breastfeeding Supporter yourself, then it is worth asking your local midwife or health visitor if there are any courses in your area. Alternatively, you could contact La Leche League on 0845 4561844.

Thank-you for reading!

Juno


Vatican approves breast-feeding pictures of Virgin Mary

“The Vatican has called for worshippers to be less prudish about seeing the Virgin Mary breast-feeding Jesus.

A vast number of paintings depicting the bare breasts of the Madonna have been “censored by the modern age” because they were too “unseemly”, according to L’Osservatore Romano, the official newspaper of the Holy See.

Lucetta Scaraffia, a church historian, has called for the image of Mary as an human, tender and loving mother to be rehabilitated. She said: “Jesus was a baby like all others. His divinity does not exclude his humanity”.

Since the 17th century, artists have been covering up Mary because of criticism about the “carnality and unbecoming nature of many sacred images”.”

Full story http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/2185823/Vatican-approves-breast-feeding-pictures-of-Virgin-Mary.html